[ BEST ] 7' QUALITY CONTROL TOOLS

Background & Importance of 7 QC Tools :

• The 7'Qc Tool are simple statistical tool used for problem solving .These tools were developed in japan and introduced in Japan by Quality Guru Deming and Juran.
• Kaoru Ishikawa has started that these 7 Quality tools can be used to solve 95% of all problem.
• The 7 Tools of Quality is a designation given to fixed set of graphical techniques identified as being most helpful in troubleshooting issues related to quality.

Purpose of QC Tools :

• Collecting data
• Analyzing data
• Identifying Root Cause
• Measuring the result
• These tools are used to analyze the production process.
•  Identify the major problem.
• Control Fluctuations of product Quality.
• Provide Solution to prevent future defects.
  

• These Tools are related to numerical data processing.

The 7 Quality Control Tools are :

1. Cause & Effect Diagram.
2. Pareto Analysis
3. Flow Chart
4. Scatter Diagram
5. Check Sheet
6. Histogram
7. Control Chart           

Tool 1st -Cause & Effect Diagram OR Fishbone Diagram.

• Cause & Effect Diagram also called Ishikawa Diagram because its invent by Prof. Kaoru Ishikawa.

Purpose;

• Graphical representation of potential cause of Problem.
• Fish bone diagram is a tool to identify potential cause & Root cause identification after validation of potential cause.

Benifits :

• It helps teams understand that there are many causes that contribute to an effect.
• It graphically displays the relationship of the causes to the effect and to each other.
• It helps to identify areas for improvement.
• Fish bone or cause & effect diagram helps to find out potential cause of problem.
• Apply team work.
• Common understanding of factors causing the problem.
• Easy to understand problem cause.
• Establish the brainstorming relationship.

2nd Tool-Flow Chart :

Purpose : 

• Visual illustration of the sequence of the process.

• Visual illustration of the sequence of operation required to complete task.
• This tool help to understand the sequence the process.
• Flow chart is the systematic drawing of the process to measure and improve.
• Flow chart help to understand the step of process.

Benifits :

• Help to identify process improvement.
• Understand the process.
• Shows duplicated effort and other non-value added step.
• Clarify working relationship between people & organization.
• Visual illustration of the sequence of operations required to complete task.
• Systematic drawing of the process to measure or improve.
• Potential weekness in the process are made visual

Symbol Used in Flow Chart

3rd Tool- Check Sheet :

Purpose :

•  Tool used for collecting and organizing measured or counted data.
• Data collected can be used as input data for other quality tool.
• To help collecting and organizing the data.
•  Data Collection are based on answering the question of What , Where , Who & How.

When to Use Check Sheet in the process ?

• To Collect the Data on the frequency or the patterns of event such as Problem , Defect , Defect Type , Defect location and defect cause.
•  To Collect Data from production or any other process.

Benifits

•  Collect Data in the systematic or in Organized manner.
•  Check Sheet Use to Determine the source of the problem.
•  To Facilitate classification of data ( Stratification ).
• Check Sheet is the simple and effective way to display data.
• It  provide uniform data collection method.

4th Tool-Pareto Chart or Pareto Analysis :

Definition of Pareto analysis :

• Pareto Analysis is a ranked comparison of a factor related to a quality Problem.
• it helps to improve Quality.
• It helps to identify & focus on the vital few factors.

Note : Vital Few means that -After prioritized the problem which area is more important that is called vital few and less important area is called trivial many.

Introduction of pareto principle :

•  Pareto Principle firstly introduce by an Italian Economist (Vilfaredo Pareto).
• According to Vilfaredo principle , 20 % Population has 80% wealth.
•  Quality Guru Juran used the term " Vital Few "  and " Trivial Many" , according to Juran 20% Cause leads to 80% Problem.
• 20 % Causes impacting 80 % of Problem.

Purpose of Pareto Principle 

• Prioritizing the Problem.
• Analyzing the Problem.
• Help to judge effectiveness.
• The Purpose of pareto diagram is to separate the significant aspect of a problem from the trivial one.

    When Use of Pareto Chart :

• Pareto Chart Help to focus on small number of critical problem on their cause.
• They are useful for establishing priorities by showing which are really most critical problem to be tackled or cause to be addressed.
• Pareto chart helps teams to focus on their efforts  where they can have greatest potential impact.
• When Communicating with other about your data.

Benifits of Pareto Chart :

• Pareto analysis help to graphically display the result so the significant few problem emerge from the general background.
  
• It tells that what you work on First.